1. Logical Reasoning Book Pdf
2. Logic The Art Of Defining And Reasoning Pdf Download

Deductive reasoning is sometimes referred to as top-down logic. Its counterpart, is sometimes referred to as bottom-up logic. Where deductive reasoning proceeds from general premises to a specific conclusion, inductive reasoning proceeds from specific premises to a general conclusion.The Greek philosopher Aristotle, who is considered the father of deductive reasoning, wrote the following classic example:.

Logical Reasoning Book Pdf

All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.In Aristotle’s example, sometimes referred to as a syllogism, the premises of the argument - that all men are mortal and that Socrates is a man - are self-evidently true. Because the premises establish that Socrates is an individual in a group whose members are all mortal, the inescapable conclusion is that Socrates must likewise be mortal.

Logic The Art Of Defining And Reasoning Pdf Download

A standard logic-oriented critical thinking text that is commonly used in introductory logic and critical thinking courses taught in philosophy departments.